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The Sabbath Year
While Moses was on Mount Sinai, the LORD said to him,
While Moses was on Mount Sinai, the LORD said to him,
The Sabbath of the Seventh Year
And the Lord spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai, saying,
And the Lord spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai, saying,
“Give the following instructions to the people of Israel. When you have entered the land I am giving you, the land itself must observe a Sabbath rest before the LORD every seventh year.
“Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them: ‘When you come into the land which I give you, then the land shall keep a sabbath to the Lord.
For six years you may plant your fields and prune your vineyards and harvest your crops,
Six years you shall sow your field, and six years you shall prune your vineyard, and gather its fruit;
but during the seventh year the land must have a Sabbath year of complete rest. It is the LORD’s Sabbath. Do not plant your fields or prune your vineyards during that year.
but in the seventh year there shall be a sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a sabbath to the Lord. You shall neither sow your field nor prune your vineyard.
And don’t store away the crops that grow on their own or gather the grapes from your unpruned vines. The land must have a year of complete rest.
What grows of its own accord of your harvest you shall not reap, nor gather the grapes of your untended vine, for it is a year of rest for the land.
But you may eat whatever the land produces on its own during its Sabbath. This applies to you, your male and female servants, your hired workers, and the temporary residents who live with you.
And the sabbath produce of the land shall be food for you: for you, your male and female servants, your hired man, and the stranger who dwells with you,
Your livestock and the wild animals in your land will also be allowed to eat what the land produces.
for your livestock and the beasts that are in your land — all its produce shall be for food.
The Year of Jubilee
“In addition, you must count off seven Sabbath years, seven sets of seven years, adding up to forty-nine years in all.
The Year of Jubilee
‘And you shall count seven sabbaths of years for yourself, seven times seven years; and the time of the seven sabbaths of years shall be to you forty-nine years.
‘And you shall count seven sabbaths of years for yourself, seven times seven years; and the time of the seven sabbaths of years shall be to you forty-nine years.
Then you shall cause the trumpet of the Jubilee to sound on the tenth day of the seventh month; on the Day of Atonement you shall make the trumpet to sound throughout all your land.
Set this year apart as holy, a time to proclaim freedom throughout the land for all who live there. It will be a jubilee year for you, when each of you may return to the land that belonged to your ancestors and return to your own clan.
And you shall consecrate the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout all the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a Jubilee for you; and each of you shall return to his possession, and each of you shall return to his family.
This fiftieth year will be a jubilee for you. During that year you must not plant your fields or store away any of the crops that grow on their own, and don’t gather the grapes from your unpruned vines.
That fiftieth year shall be a Jubilee to you; in it you shall neither sow nor reap what grows of its own accord, nor gather the grapes of your untended vine.
It will be a jubilee year for you, and you must keep it holy. But you may eat whatever the land produces on its own.
For it is the Jubilee; it shall be holy to you; you shall eat its produce from the field.
In the Year of Jubilee each of you may return to the land that belonged to your ancestors.
‘In this Year of Jubilee, each of you shall return to his possession.
“When you make an agreement with your neighbor to buy or sell property, you must not take advantage of each other.
And if you sell anything to your neighbor or buy from your neighbor’s hand, you shall not oppress one another.
When you buy land from your neighbor, the price you pay must be based on the number of years since the last jubilee. The seller must set the price by taking into account the number of years remaining until the next Year of Jubilee.
According to the number of years after the Jubilee you shall buy from your neighbor, and according to the number of years of crops he shall sell to you.
The more years until the next jubilee, the higher the price; the fewer years, the lower the price. After all, the person selling the land is actually selling you a certain number of harvests.
According to the multitude of years you shall increase its price, and according to the fewer number of years you shall diminish its price; for he sells to you according to the number of the years of the crops.
Show your fear of God by not taking advantage of each other. I am the LORD your God.
“If you want to live securely in the land, follow my decrees and obey my regulations.
Provisions for the Seventh Year
‘So you shall observe My statutes and keep My judgments, and perform them; and you will dwell in the land in safety.
‘So you shall observe My statutes and keep My judgments, and perform them; and you will dwell in the land in safety.
Then the land will yield large crops, and you will eat your fill and live securely in it.
Then the land will yield its fruit, and you will eat your fill, and dwell there in safety.
But you might ask, ‘What will we eat during the seventh year, since we are not allowed to plant or harvest crops that year?’
‘And if you say, “What shall we eat in the seventh year, since we shall not sow nor gather in our produce?”
Be assured that I will send my blessing for you in the sixth year, so the land will produce a crop large enough for three years.
Then I will command My blessing on you in the sixth year, and it will bring forth produce enough for three years.
When you plant your fields in the eighth year, you will still be eating from the large crop of the sixth year. In fact, you will still be eating from that large crop when the new crop is harvested in the ninth year.
And you shall sow in the eighth year, and eat old produce until the ninth year; until its produce comes in, you shall eat of the old harvest.
Redemption of Property
“The land must never be sold on a permanent basis, for the land belongs to me. You are only foreigners and tenant farmers working for me.
Redemption of Property
‘The land shall not be sold permanently, for the land is Mine; for you are strangers and sojourners with Me.
‘The land shall not be sold permanently, for the land is Mine; for you are strangers and sojourners with Me.
“With every purchase of land you must grant the seller the right to buy it back.
And in all the land of your possession you shall grant redemption of the land.
If one of your fellow Israelites falls into poverty and is forced to sell some family land, then a close relative should buy it back for him.
‘If one of your brethren becomes poor, and has sold some of his possession, and if his redeeming relative comes to redeem it, then he may redeem what his brother sold.
If there is no close relative to buy the land, but the person who sold it gets enough money to buy it back,
Or if the man has no one to redeem it, but he himself becomes able to redeem it,
he then has the right to redeem it from the one who bought it. The price of the land will be discounted according to the number of years until the next Year of Jubilee. In this way the original owner can then return to the land.
then let him count the years since its sale, and restore the remainder to the man to whom he sold it, that he may return to his possession.
But if the original owner cannot afford to buy back the land, it will remain with the new owner until the next Year of Jubilee. In the jubilee year, the land must be returned to the original owners so they can return to their family land.
But if he is not able to have it restored to himself, then what was sold shall remain in the hand of him who bought it until the Year of Jubilee; and in the Jubilee it shall be released, and he shall return to his possession.
“Anyone who sells a house inside a walled town has the right to buy it back for a full year after its sale. During that year, the seller retains the right to buy it back.
‘If a man sells a house in a walled city, then he may redeem it within a whole year after it is sold; within a full year he may redeem it.
But if it is not bought back within a year, the sale of the house within the walled town cannot be reversed. It will become the permanent property of the buyer. It will not be returned to the original owner in the Year of Jubilee.
But if it is not redeemed within the space of a full year, then the house in the walled city shall belong permanently to him who bought it, throughout his generations. It shall not be released in the Jubilee.
But a house in a village — a settlement without fortified walls — will be treated like property in the countryside. Such a house may be bought back at any time, and it must be returned to the original owner in the Year of Jubilee.
However the houses of villages which have no wall around them shall be counted as the fields of the country. They may be redeemed, and they shall be released in the Jubilee.
“The Levites always have the right to buy back a house they have sold within the towns allotted to them.
Nevertheless the cities of the Levites, and the houses in the cities of their possession, the Levites may redeem at any time.
And any property that is sold by the Levites — all houses within the Levitical towns — must be returned in the Year of Jubilee. After all, the houses in the towns reserved for the Levites are the only property they own in all Israel.
And if a man purchases a house from the Levites, then the house that was sold in the city of his possession shall be released in the Jubilee; for the houses in the cities of the Levites are their possession among the children of Israel.
The open pastureland around the Levitical towns may never be sold. It is their permanent possession.
But the field of the common-land of their cities may not be sold, for it is their perpetual possession.
Redemption of the Poor and Enslaved
“If one of your fellow Israelites falls into poverty and cannot support himself, support him as you would a foreigner or a temporary resident and allow him to live with you.
Do not charge interest or make a profit at his expense. Instead, show your fear of God by letting him live with you as your relative.
Take no usury or interest from him; but fear your God, that your brother may live with you.
Remember, do not charge interest on money you lend him or make a profit on food you sell him.
You shall not lend him your money for usury, nor lend him your food at a profit.
I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt to give you the land of Canaan and to be your God.
I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan and to be your God.
“If one of your fellow Israelites falls into poverty and is forced to sell himself to you, do not treat him as a slave.
The Law Concerning Slavery
‘And if one of your brethren who dwells by you becomes poor, and sells himself to you, you shall not compel him to serve as a slave.
‘And if one of your brethren who dwells by you becomes poor, and sells himself to you, you shall not compel him to serve as a slave.
Treat him instead as a hired worker or as a temporary resident who lives with you, and he will serve you only until the Year of Jubilee.
As a hired servant and a sojourner he shall be with you, and shall serve you until the Year of Jubilee.
At that time he and his children will no longer be obligated to you, and they will return to their clans and go back to the land originally allotted to their ancestors.
And then he shall depart from you — he and his children with him — and shall return to his own family. He shall return to the possession of his fathers.
The people of Israel are my servants, whom I brought out of the land of Egypt, so they must never be sold as slaves.
For they are My servants, whom I brought out of the land of Egypt; they shall not be sold as slaves.
Show your fear of God by not treating them harshly.
“However, you may purchase male and female slaves from among the nations around you.
And as for your male and female slaves whom you may have — from the nations that are around you, from them you may buy male and female slaves.
You may also purchase the children of temporary residents who live among you, including those who have been born in your land. You may treat them as your property,
Moreover you may buy the children of the strangers who dwell among you, and their families who are with you, which they beget in your land; and they shall become your property.
passing them on to your children as a permanent inheritance. You may treat them as slaves, but you must never treat your fellow Israelites this way.
And you may take them as an inheritance for your children after you, to inherit them as a possession; they shall be your permanent slaves. But regarding your brethren, the children of Israel, you shall not rule over one another with rigor.
“Suppose a foreigner or temporary resident becomes rich while living among you. If any of your fellow Israelites fall into poverty and are forced to sell themselves to such a foreigner or to a member of his family,
‘Now if a sojourner or stranger close to you becomes rich, and one of your brethren who dwells by him becomes poor, and sells himself to the stranger or sojourner close to you, or to a member of the stranger’s family,
they still retain the right to be bought back, even after they have been purchased. They may be bought back by a brother,
after he is sold he may be redeemed again. One of his brothers may redeem him;
an uncle, or a cousin. In fact, anyone from the extended family may buy them back. They may also redeem themselves if they have prospered.
or his uncle or his uncle’s son may redeem him; or anyone who is near of kin to him in his family may redeem him; or if he is able he may redeem himself.
They will negotiate the price of their freedom with the person who bought them. The price will be based on the number of years from the time they were sold until the next Year of Jubilee — whatever it would cost to hire a worker for that period of time.
Thus he shall reckon with him who bought him: The price of his release shall be according to the number of years, from the year that he was sold to him until the Year of Jubilee; it shall be according to the time of a hired servant for him.
If many years still remain until the jubilee, they will repay the proper proportion of what they received when they sold themselves.
If there are still many years remaining, according to them he shall repay the price of his redemption from the money with which he was bought.
If only a few years remain until the Year of Jubilee, they will repay a small amount for their redemption.
And if there remain but a few years until the Year of Jubilee, then he shall reckon with him, and according to his years he shall repay him the price of his redemption.
The foreigner must treat them as workers hired on a yearly basis. You must not allow a foreigner to treat any of your fellow Israelites harshly.
He shall be with him as a yearly hired servant, and he shall not rule with rigor over him in your sight.
If any Israelites have not been bought back by the time the Year of Jubilee arrives, they and their children must be set free at that time.
And if he is not redeemed in these years, then he shall be released in the Year of Jubilee — he and his children with him.